The suspension is a complex assembly, including the following main elements : springs (or torsion bar), tyres and shocks. But also : suspension arms, triangles, swivels, mounting kits, bonded bushes, stabilizer rods,…

The different parts of the suspension are recognized as efficient when there is :

• Constant contact between the tyres and the ground.
• Absorption of the road roughness.
• Optimal passenger comfort and safety.

The shock absorber is an essential part of the suspension.